Swayambhunath (Monkey Temple), Kathmandu: The Complete Guide

Swayambhunath, affectionately called the "Monkey Temple", is one of Nepal's most sacred Buddhist sites. Perched atop a hill west of Kathmandu, this 2,500-year-old stupa offers panoramic city views alongside spiritual significance.

Key Facts

  • Location: Swayambhu, Kathmandu (3km west of Thamel)
  • Elevation: 1,373m (4,505ft) above sea level
  • UNESCO Status: World Heritage Site since 1979
  • Best Time to Visit: Sunrise or sunset

Historical Significance

  • Origins: Believed to be self-created (Swayambhu = "Self-Arisen")
  • Age: Established before 5th century CE (possibly 460 CE)
  • Mythology: Linked to Manjushri (Buddhist deity who drained Kathmandu Valley)

Architectural Highlights

1. The Great Stupa

  • White Dome: Represents the earth
  • Golden Spire: 13 tiers symbolizing path to enlightenment
  • Buddha Eyes: All-seeing wisdom (painted on all four sides)
  • Harmika: Cube structure above dome with Buddha relics

2. Supporting Structures

  • Vajra (Thunderbolt): At base of stairs (Tibetan Buddhist element)
  • 365 Steps: Steep staircase to the top (alternative ramp available)
  • Shree Karmaraja Mahavihar: Important monastery complex

3. Subsidiary Shrines

  • Harati Temple: Hindu goddess of smallpox (syncretic worship)
  • Anantapur & Pratapur: Twin temples built by King Pratap Malla

The Famous Monkeys

  • Species: Rhesus macaques (considered sacred)
  • Behavior: Mischievous but generally harmless

Safety Tips:

  • Don't carry food openly
  • Avoid direct eye contact
  • Secure loose items (glasses, hats)

Visitor Experience

What to Do?

  • Circumambulate the stupa clockwise (spin prayer wheels)
  • Light butter lamps at shrines
  • Meditate in quieter northern sections
  • Enjoy panoramic views of Kathmandu Valley
  • Visit monasteries for chanting sessions

Best Photo Spots

  • Main staircase with prayer flags
  • Viewpoint facing Kathmandu
  • Golden spire at sunrise

Practical Information

Entry Fees

Visitor Type Cost (NPR) Cost (USD)
Foreigners 200 ~$1.50
SAARC Nationals 50 ~$0.40
Nepali Citizens Free Free

Opening Hours

  • Temple Complex: 5:00 AM - 7:00 PM daily
  • Best Time: 6:00-9:00 AM (fewer crowds, active rituals)

Dress Code & Etiquette

  • Circumambulate stupas clockwise
  • Remove shoes before entering shrines
  • Modest clothing recommended
  • No photography during private prayers

Festivals & Events

  • Losar (Feb/Mar): Tibetan New Year celebrations
  • Buddha Jayanti (May): Birthday of Buddha
  • Gunla (Aug/Sep): Sacred Buddhist month

Nearby Attractions

  • National Museum (1km east)
  • Kathmandu Durbar Square (3km east)
  • Boudhanath Stupa (5km east)

Pro Tip: Combine with a visit to the adjacent Swayambhu Museum (included in ticket) for historical context.

Why Visit?

  • Spiritual Significance: One of Buddhism's holiest sites
  • Cultural Blend: Hindu-Buddhist syncretism
  • Panoramic Views: Best overlook of Kathmandu
  • Wildlife: Playful monkeys in sacred setting

Swayambhunath embodies Nepal's living religious heritage. Whether seeking spiritual connection, cultural insight, or just amazing views, this ancient stupa delivers an unforgettable experience.

Ready to climb the 365 steps? The monkeys (and enlightenment) await!